Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

In evaluating sensory impairments in older adults, what is the first step for a clinical nurse specialist?

1. Determine symptoms

2. Ask the patient about changes in senses

3. Inquire about past treatments

4. Conduct a physical examination

The correct answer is: Ask the patient about changes in senses

The first step in evaluating sensory impairments in older adults involves asking the patient about changes in their senses. This approach is crucial because it allows the clinical nurse specialist to gather subjective data directly from the patient about their experiences and perceptions. Understanding the patient's self-reported changes can help pinpoint specific areas of concern, such as hearing loss, vision changes, or alterations in taste and smell. By initiating the assessment in this manner, the nurse can develop a comprehensive understanding of the patient's sensory function, which is fundamental in guiding further evaluation and management. This conversational approach fosters an environment of trust and encourages the patient to share their observations candidly, which might not be readily visible through observation or examination alone. Engaging with the patient first can also inform the subsequent steps to be taken, such as determining symptoms or conducting a physical examination, as these will be more focused and relevant based on the patient's reported experiences.