Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

Which theory focuses on engaging adult learners in their learning experiences?

1. Cognitive Theory

2. Andragogy

3. Pedagogy

4. Behavioral Theory

The correct answer is: Andragogy

Andragogy is the theory that specifically targets the educational needs of adult learners, emphasizing their unique characteristics and learning preferences. This approach recognizes that adults bring a wealth of experience to the learning environment and are typically self-directed, motivated by internal factors, and interested in practical application of knowledge. In contrast to pedagogy, which primarily addresses the education of children and is often characterized by a more teacher-centered approach, andragogy promotes a learning atmosphere that is collaborative and often learner-centered. This theory advocates for active participation and engagement, encouraging adults to take responsibility for their own learning and to be involved in the decision-making processes regarding what and how they learn. The cognitive theory focuses on mental processes of learning and knowledge retention but does not specifically address the engagement or methods preferred by adult learners. Similarly, behavioral theory is concerned with observable behaviors and the ways in which those behaviors can be reinforced or conditioned, rather than on engagement in the learning process itself. Thus, andragogy stands out as the most appropriate theory for effectively engaging adult learners in their educational experiences.