Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

What symptom indicates a decline in cognitive function in delirium based on CAM?

1. Altered Thought Process

2. Auditory Hallucinations

3. Impeccable Memory Recall

4. Intensive Focus

The correct answer is: Altered Thought Process

A symptom that indicates a decline in cognitive function in delirium, based on the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), is indeed the presence of an altered thought process. Delirium is characterized by an acute change in mental status, marked by confusion and a fluctuating level of consciousness. An altered thought process may manifest as disorganized thinking, difficulty concentrating, or a lack of coherent verbal expression, which are clear indicators of cognitive impairment. In delirium, cognitive deficits can be quite pronounced, impacting the patient’s ability to engage in logical reasoning or maintain a consistent thought pattern. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial in assessing and managing delirium effectively, as they signal the need for further evaluation and intervention. The other options reflect aspects that do not align with the expected symptoms of delirium. For example, impeccable memory recall and intensive focus would indicate preserved cognitive function rather than a decline, making them inconsistent with the diagnostic criteria for delirium. Auditory hallucinations, while potentially present in some cases, are not specific symptoms of delirium and do not necessarily indicate a general cognitive decline. The focus remains on the disorganized and impaired mental processes that characterize the confusion and altered perception associated with delirium.